Lesson 6 · Book page 33
The Present Tense Verb in the State of Nasb [نَصْب]
The four particles of nasb, how the endings change, and لَنْ "will never".
1.Particles
Particles placed before a verb change its meaning, like مَا for the past tense and لَا for the present.
2.The four particles of nasb
أَنْ، لَنْ، كَيْ، إِذَنْ put the present tense verb into the state of nasb.
3.How nasb is shown
A final ḍammah becomes a fatḥah (يَفْعَلُ → يَفْعَلَ). A final nūn is dropped (يَفْعَلُونَ → يَفْعَلُوا).
4.Stateless forms stay the same
يَفْعَلْنَ and تَفْعَلْنَ are unchanged. Their nūn is not dropped.
5.The model لَنْ
لَنْ limits the verb to the future and negates it: لَنْ يَفْعَلَ means "he will never do".
The Present Tense Verb in the State of Nasb
Table 6.2, page 36
| Subject | Active Voice in Nasb | Passive Voice in Nasb |
|---|---|---|
| He/It (S/M) هُوَ | لَنْ يَفْعَلَ He/It (S/M) will never do | لَنْ يُفْعَلَ He/It (S/M) will never be done |
| They (D/M) هُمَا | لَنْ يَفْعَلَا They (D/M) will never do | لَنْ يُفْعَلَا They (D/M) will never be done |
| They (P/M) هُمْ | لَنْ يَفْعَلُوا They (P/M) will never do | لَنْ يُفْعَلُوا They (P/M) will never be done |
| She/It (S/F) هِيَ | لَنْ تَفْعَلَ She/It (S/F) will never do | لَنْ تُفْعَلَ She/It (S/F) will never be done |
| They (D/F) هُمَا | لَنْ تَفْعَلَا They (D/F) will never do | لَنْ تُفْعَلَا They (D/F) will never be done |
| They (P/F) هُنَّ | لَنْ يَفْعَلْنَ They (P/F) will never do | لَنْ يُفْعَلْنَ They (P/F) will never be done |
| You (S/M) أَنْتَ | لَنْ تَفْعَلَ You (S/M) will never do | لَنْ تُفْعَلَ You (S/M) will never be done |
| You (D/M) أَنْتُمَا | لَنْ تَفْعَلَا You (D/M) will never do | لَنْ تُفْعَلَا You (D/M) will never be done |
| You (P/M) أَنْتُمْ | لَنْ تَفْعَلُوا You (P/M) will never do | لَنْ تُفْعَلُوا You (P/M) will never be done |
| You (S/F) أَنْتِ | لَنْ تَفْعَلِي You (S/F) will never do | لَنْ تُفْعَلِي You (S/F) will never be done |
| You (D/F) أَنْتُمَا | لَنْ تَفْعَلَا You (D/F) will never do | لَنْ تُفْعَلَا You (D/F) will never be done |
| You (P/F) أَنْتُنَّ | لَنْ تَفْعَلْنَ You (P/F) will never do | لَنْ تُفْعَلْنَ You (P/F) will never be done |
| I أَنَا | لَنْ أَفْعَلَ I will never do | لَنْ أُفْعَلَ I will never be done |
| We نَحْنُ | لَنْ نَفْعَلَ We will never do | لَنْ نُفْعَلَ We will never be done |